What is interpretation?
Interpreters are intermediaries between two languages, two cultures. They are facilitators that allow people who do not speak the same language to communicate.
To make things absolutely clear, interpreting is the oral version of translation, which consists of transposing a text from one language to another in writing.
Professional interpreters are experienced and qualified people whose function is to transmit ideas from one language to another in an accurate and efficient manner.
This pivotal role is a key position, especially during large international gatherings such as the recent G7 summit in Biarritz, France, where several languages and nationalities were gathered at the same place and time.
What are the different types of interpretation?
Interpretation is the rendering of spoken communication into another language. However, several variants exist: consecutive interpretation, simultaneous interpretation, liaison interpretation and whispered interpretation.
This will depend on the type of event, in which one or more professionals may participate.
An event such as a conference or an international congress will use conference interpretation services, which can be performed in two ways: simultaneously or consecutively.
Simultaneous interpretation involves at least two interpreters per language pair, isolated in a soundproof booth and taking turns every 20 to 30 minutes to relay the speaker’s words progressively in the target language.
Consecutive interpretation involves a specialist, usually in small meetings, who listens to a participant’s speech while taking notes to relay the message to the audience afterwards, at regular intervals.
Liaison interpretation is used in more informal meetings, during a visit by foreigners to the country or in the context of a training course, for example. In this case, the interpreter can also act as a support if people know how to communicate with each other, but need the help of a specialist.
Whispered interpretation is a variation of simultaneous interpretation. The interpreter translates the speaker’s speech in a low voice to the listener. This variation, which is generally used when some participants are not fluent in the language, avoids disrupting the event.
In the same manner as a translator, an interpreter can be sworn in by a Court of Appeal. To do so, the specialist must apply to the Regional Court. Once their registration is validated, the experts must take the oath and will be able to participate in judicial proceedings.
What is the status of an interpreter?
Interpreters can work as freelancers, independent professionals or self-employed persons for example, or as employees of a business structure. Interpreters are, of course, bound by a confidentiality agreement and may be granted a "confidential" or "top-secret" defense clearance.